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{{Documentation subpage}}
<!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE -->
This [[Wikipedia:Template namespace|template]] is used to cite online sources in Wikipedia articles. {{tl|Cite news}} can also be used when citing a news source; for general information about citations in Wikipedia articles, see [[Wikipedia:Cite sources]]. A general discussion of the use of templates for adding
== Usage ==
'''''Note''''': None of the parameters should be capitalised, in order to avoid the article being tagged as having a broken citation. For example, use "url", "title", etc. - not "URL", "Title", etc.
=== Common forms with authors in any format ===
Citations within a page should use consistent formats. However, there is no consensus about which format is best. The following examples are for citations where one or more authors are listed in a single {{para|author|<var>authors</var>}} parameter, using any format. Also shown below are three separate date formats that are commonly used in Wikipedia:
;Day Month Year: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=</nowiki>{{#time: j F Y }}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
;Month Day, Year: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=</nowiki>{{#time: F j, Y }}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
;YYYY-MM-DD: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=</nowiki>{{#time: Y-m-d }}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
=== Common forms with last1, first1; last2, first2 ===
The examples below will suffice for up to two authors each with first and last names; for more, just create more parameters in a similar style:
;Day Month Year: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=</nowiki>{{#time: j F Y }}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
;Month Day, Year: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=</nowiki>{{#time: F j, Y }}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
;YYYY-MM-DD: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=</nowiki>{{#time: Y-m-d }}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
=== All parameters ===
When copying all parameters in either the vertical or horizontal layouts, delete those which are not needed.
;All parameters, horizontal layout: <code><nowiki>{{cite web |url= |title= |first= |last= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |month= |year= |work= |publisher= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans_title= |format= |doi= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript= }}</nowiki></code>
;All parameters, vertical layout:
<pre>
{{cite web
| url =
| title =
| first =
| last =
| author =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| date =
| month =
| year =
| work =
| publisher =
| location =
| page =
| pages =
| at =
| language =
| trans_title =
| format =
| doi =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| accessdate =
| quote =
| ref =
| separator =
| postscript =
}}
</pre>
==== Required parameters ====
*'''url''': URL of online item. Start the url with the communications protocol, e.g. <nowiki>http://</nowiki>.
*'''title''': Title of online item. This title will appear as the citation itself, hyperlinked to the URL.
==== Optional parameters ====
* author parameters
** '''author
** '''last''' works with '''first''' to produce <code>last, first</code>
** '''authorlink''' works either with '''author''' or with '''last''' & '''first''' to link to the appropriate wikipedia article. Does not work with URLs.
** '''last1''', '''first1''', ..., '''last9''', '''first9''' and optionally '''authorlink1''', ..., '''authorlink9''' for specifying more authors (note: '''last1''', '''first1''' and '''authorlink1''' are synonyms for '''last''', '''first''' and '''authorlink''', so use ''either'' '''last1''' or '''last''', not both)
** '''coauthors''': alternate way of specifying additional authors
* a date parameter
** ''either'
** ''or'' '''year''': Year of publication, and '''month''': Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, use '''date''' instead. Should not be wikilinked.
*
*'''work''': If this item is part of a larger "work", such as a book, periodical or website, write the name of that work. Do not italicize; the software will do so automatically.
*'''publisher''': Publisher, if any—for example if the website is hosted by a government service, educational institution, or company. (The '''publisher''' is not usually the name of the website, that is usually the '''work''').
*
* a page parameter
** ''either'' '''page''': Page number if a multi-page web article and referencing a single page. "page=5" produces ''p. 5.''
** ''or'' '''pages''': Page numbers if a multi-page web article and referencing more than one page. "pages=5–7" produces ''pp. 5–7''. This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not a total number of pages.<!-- Commented out: Not implemented in the template! This is especially useful for [[PDF]] format, where the page can be linked to with the <code>#page=''number''</code> anchor tagged on the end of the URL:
*:<code><nowiki>pages = [http://www.example.org/file.pdf#page=123 p. 123]</nowiki></code>-->
** ''or'' '''at''': When the page prefix is unwanted. "at=Table 5" produces ''Table 5''.
*'''language''': language of publication (don't specify "English" as this is the default).
**'''trans_title''': A translated title of the article, in case the original title is in a foreign language. Would normally be used in conjunction with the 'language' parameter.
* '''doi''': A [[digital object identifier]] for the document, such as ''<nowiki>10.1038/news070508-7</nowiki>''
**'''Doilabel''': If the doi contains some characters that must be [[Percent-encoding|escaped]], use "doilabel" for the unescaped version. See {{tl|doi}}: "id" is equivalent to "doi" and "label" is "doilabel"
* archive parameters ''(if used, must be used both of them together)''
** '''archiveurl''': The URL of an [[Web archiving|archived]] copy of the page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like [[WebCite]] and [[Internet Archive|Archive.org]].
** '''archivedate''': Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked.
*'''accessdate''': Full date when item was accessed. Should not be wikilinked. This should be given if the publication date is unknown; see ''[[WP:CITEHOW|Citation styles]]''.
*'''quote''': Relevant quote from online item.
*'''ref''': ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value {{para|ref|<var>ID</var>}} generates an anchor with the given <code><var>ID</var></code>; such a linkable reference can be made the target of [[Wikipedia:Citing sources/Further considerations #Wikilinks to full references|wikilinks to full references]], especially useful in short citations like [[Wikipedia:Citing sources #Shortened footnotes|shortened notes]] and [[Wikipedia:Parenthetical referencing|parenthetical referencing]]. The special value {{para|ref|harv}} generates an anchor suitable for the {{tl|harv}} template; see ''[[Template:Citation/doc #Anchors for Harvard referencing templates|anchors for Harvard referencing templates]]''.
*'''separator''' / '''postscript''': The punctuation to use between fields / at the end of the citation
==== Duplicate periods ====
By default, {{tl|cite web}} separates some fields with periods, so don't encode those fields ending with a period or a duplicate period will be added. Example: "publisher=Camelot, Inc" will correctly show as <code>Camelot, Inc.</code> but "publisher=Camelot, Inc." will incorrectly show as <code>Camelot, Inc..</code>
== Examples ==
;Some standard use cases
*
|url=http://www.example.org/
|author=Doe, John
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
*
|url=http://www.example.org/
|author=Doe, John
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of things
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
*
|url=http://www.example.org/
|author=Doe, John
|date=30 April 2005
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
*
||url=http://www.example.org/
author=Doe, John
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
*
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
*
}}</nowiki></code><br>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.nfl.com/rulebook/digestofrules
|title=Digest of Rules
|publisher=National Football League
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
;Using format
*
|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|
|
}}</nowiki></code><br/> → <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|format=PDF
|accessdate=July 6, 2005
}}</span>
;Foreign language and translated title
*
|url=http://www.example.org/
|author=Joliet, François
|date=30 April 2005
|trans_title=Shame on those who think evil
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Honni soit qui mal y pense
|author=Joliet, François
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005
|language=French
|trans_title=Shame on those who think evil
}}</span>
;coauthors
*<code><nowiki>{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Our Favorite Things
|first=John
|last=Doe
|coauthors=Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Our Favorite Things
|first=John
|last=Doe
|coauthors=Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}</span>
*<code><nowiki>{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Our Favorite Things
|first=John
|last=Doe
|coauthors=Peter Smith; Jim Smythe
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Our Favorite Things
|first=John
|last=Doe
|coauthors=Peter Smith; Jim Smythe
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}</span>
;No author
*<code><nowiki>{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}</span>
;No author, no publisher
This abbreviated format should only be used when the editor cannot determine the publisher and author.
*<code><nowiki>{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</nowiki></code></br>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}</span>
*<code><nowiki>{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005}}</span>
*
|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=30 April 2005
|
|
|
}}</nowiki></code><br/> → <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=30 April 2005
|format=PDF
|accessdate=July 6, 2005
|language=Greek
}}</span>
;
*
|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=30 April 2005
|
|
|
|
}}</nowiki></code><br/> → <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=30 April 2005
|
|
|
|
}}</span>
*
|url=http://joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi?archive=currnews&story=20060405-01shore.htm
|title=Interview with Maggie Downs
|date=
|publisher=The Desert Sun
|archiveurl=http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:JAxf4v-pQmgJ:joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi%3Farchive%3Dcurrnews%26story%3D20060405-01shore.htm
|archivedate=2006-04-26
}}</nowiki></code><br/> → <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi?archive=currnews&story=20060405-01shore.htm
|title=Interview with Maggie Downs
|date=
|publisher=The Desert Sun
|archiveurl=http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:JAxf4v-pQmgJ:joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi%3Farchive%3Dcurrnews%26story%3D20060405-01shore.htm
|archivedate=2006-04-26
}}</span>
;
*
|url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html
|title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea
|work=WebExhibits
|date=2008
|accessdate=2009-09-27
|quote=...&nbsp;Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins&nbsp;...'
}}</nowiki></code><br/>→ <span style="background:white">{{cite web
|url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html
|title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea
|work=WebExhibits
|date=2008
|accessdate=2009-09-27
|quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'
}}</span>
==Using cite web on other Mediawiki installations==
If you want to use 'cite web' on another Mediawiki site, for example at wikia.com or at referata.com, you probably want to edit your <nowiki>http://yoursite.whatever.org/wiki/Mediawiki:common.css</nowiki> file to match the cite styles at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediawiki:common.css . Easiest is to just copy the whole file. But if you don't want that, you probably want to add the following:
<blockquote>
<tt>
<pre>
/* Styling for citations */
span.citation, cite {
font-style: normal;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
/* For linked citation numbers and document IDs, where
the number need not be shown on a screen or a handheld,
but should be included in the printed version
*/
@media screen, handheld {
span.citation *.printonly {
display: none;
}
}
</pre>
</tt>
</blockquote>
The reason? If you don't, every URL will show up twice in your <references> or {{reflist}} section, because it think's it is printing on paper, and when it prints on paper, it prints out the entire URL.
==See also==
* [[User:Citation bot|Citation bot]]
* [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Citation templates]]
* [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|Citing sources]]
* [[Wikipedia:Citing sources/example style|Citing sources/example style]]
* [[WP:DOI|Digital Object Identifier]]
* [[Template:Cite book]]
* [[Template:Cite journal]]
* [[Template:Cite news]]
* [[Zotero]]
<includeonly>
<!--
[[Category:Citation templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[af:Sjabloon:Webaanhaling]]
[[az:Şablon:Cite web]]
[[be-x-old:Шаблён:Спасылка]]
[[bg:Шаблон:Цитат уеб]]
[[ca:Plantilla:Citar web]]
[[cs:Šablona:Citace elektronické monografie]]
[[cy:Nodyn:Dyf gwe]]
[[da:Skabelon:Kilde www]]
[[de:Vorlage:
[[el:Πρότυπο:Cite web]]
[[et:Mall:Netiviide]]
[[eo:Ŝablono:Citaĵo el la reto]]
[[es:Plantilla:Cita web]]
[[fr:Modèle:Lien web]]
[[hr:Predložak:Cite web]]
[[hy:Կաղապար:Cite web]]
[[ia:Patrono:Cite web]]
[[it:Template:Cita web]]
[[ja:Template:Cite web]]
[[ko:틀:웹 인용]]
[[hu:Sablon:Cite web]]
[[mk:Шаблон:Cite web]]
[[ms:Templat:Cite web]]
[[nl:Sjabloon:Voetnoot web]]
[[no:Mal:Kilde www]]
Line 262 ⟶ 457:
[[ro:Format:Citat web]]
[[ru:Шаблон:Cite web]]
[[sk:Šablóna:Cite web]]
[[sl:Predloga:Navedi splet]]
[[sr:Шаблон:Cite web]]
[[sv:Mall:Webbref]]
[[fi:Malline:Verkkoviite]]
[[uk:Шаблон:Cite web]]
[[ur:Template:Cite web]]
[[vi:Tiêu bản:Chú thích web]]
[[tr:Şablon:Cite web]]
[[zh:Template:Cite web]]
</includeonly>
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