Template:Blockquote/doc

For linking a subject to a collection of quotes on Wikiquote, see Template:Wikiquote.

The Manual of Style guidelines for block quotations recommend formatting block quotations using the {{Blockquote}} template or the HTML <blockquote> element, for which that template provides a wrapper.

• Quotes work best when used with short sentences, and at the start or end of a section, as a hint of or to help emphasize the section's content.
• For typical quotes, especially those longer than the rest of the paragraph in which they are quoted, {{Cquote}} (for use outside of article space only) provides a borderless quote with decorative quotation marks, and {{Quote frame}} provides a bordered quote. Both span the page width.
• For very short quotes, {{Rquote}} (with decorative quotation marks, for use outside of article space only) or {{Quote box}} (framed) can be used to set the quote off to either the right or left as in a magazine sidebar. This can be effective on essay pages and WikiProject homepages.

Usage

{{Quote}} adds a block quotation to an article page.

This is easier to type and is more wiki-like than the equivalent HTML <blockquote>...</blockquote> tags, and has additional pre-formatted attribution parameters for author and source (though these are not usually used in articles;

see § Reference citations, below). Note: Block quotes do not normally contain quotation marks

(see MOS:BLOCKQUOTE).

Examples

Basic use:

Markup	Renders as
{{Quote |text=Quoted material. }}	Quoted material.

With attribution displayed:

Markup	Renders as
{{Quote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last }}	Quoted material. — First M. Last

With more attribution:

Markup	Renders as
{{Quote |text=Quoted material. |author=First M. Last |title="Article Title" |source=''Book Title'' (date) }}	Quoted material. — First M. Last, "Article Title", Book Title (date)

Parameters

|text= a.k.a. |1=—The material being quoted, without quotation marks around it. It is always safest to name this parameter (rather than use an unnamed positional parameter), because, otherwise, any inclusion of a non-escaped "=" character (e.g., in a URL in a source citation) will break the template.

Displayed attribution

These parameters are for displaying attribution information below the quote; this should not be confused with citing a source

(see § Reference citations, below). These parameters are entirely optional, and are usually used with famous quotations, not routine block quotations, which are usually sourced at the end of the introductory line immediately before the quotation, with a normal <ref>...</ref> tag.

|author= a.k.a. |2= – optional author/speaker attribution information that will appear below the quotation, and preceded with an attribution dash.

|title= a.k.a. |3= – optional title of the work the quote appears in, to display below the quotation. This parameter immediately follows the output of |author= (and an auto-generated comma), if one is provided. It does not auto-italicize. Major works (books, plays, albums, feature films, etc.) should be italicized; minor works (articles, chapters, poems, songs, TV episodes, etc.) go in quotation marks

(see MOS:TITLES). Additional citation information can be provided in a fourth parameter, |source=, below, which will appear after the title.

|source= a.k.a. |4= – optionally used for additional source information to display, after |title=, like so: |title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels" |source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'', 2016; a comma will be auto-generated between the two parameters. If |source= is used without |title=, it simply acts as |title=. (This parameter was added primarily to ease conversion from misuse of the pull quote template {{Quote frame}} for block quotation, but it may aid in cleaner meta-data implementation later.)

|character= a.k.a. |char= – to attribute fictional speech to a fictional character, with other citation information. Can also be used to attribute real speech to a specific speaker among many, e.g. in a roundtable/panel transcript, a band interview, etc. This parameter outputs "[Character's name], in" after the attribution dash and before the output of the parameters above, thus one or more of those parameters must also be supplied. If you need to cite a fictional speaker in an article about a single work of fiction, where repeating the author and title information would be redundant, you can just use the |author= parameter instead of |character=.

Technically, all citation information can be given in a single parameter, as in: |source=Anonymous interview subject, in Jane G. Arthur, "The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels", ''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.) But this is a bit messy, and will impede later efforts to generate metadata from quotation attribution the way we are already doing with source citations. This is much more usable:

|character=Anonymous interview subject
|author=Jane G. Arthur
|title="The Aerodynamics of Shaved Weasels"
|source=''Perspectives on Mammal Barbering'' (2016), Bram Xander Yojimbo (ed.)

Later development can assign a CSS class and so forth to these separate parameters, upon which scripts would be able to operate (e.g. to look up things in WikiQuote).

Rarely used technical parameters

|style= – allows specifying additional CSS styles (not classes) to apply to the <blockquote>...</blockquote> element.

(See #Nested quotations, below, for the most common use case.)

Parameter list

{{Quote
| text      =
| author    =
| title     =
| source    =
| character =
| style     =
| notrim    =
}}

Reference citations

A reference citation can be placed before the quote, after the quote, or in the |source= parameter:

• Y Typical use: In the regular-prose introduction to the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed |author=, |title=, or |source= parameters: According to Pat Doe, in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015):<ref>...</ref> {{quote |text=Quoted material.}}
• At the end of the quotation, when a quotation is given without the displayed |author=, |title=, or |source= parameters, and placement before the quote isn't appropriate (e.g. because the material immediately before the quote isn't cited to the same source or introduces multiple quotes from different sources: Pat Doe and Chris Foo took opposing positions: {{quote |text=Doe's Quoted material.<ref>...</ref>}} {{quote |text=Foo's Quoted material.<ref>...</ref>}}
• After the |source= value (if a value is given for the |source= parameter other than the <ref>...</ref> itself):One expert noted in 2015: {{quote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe |source="Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015)<ref>...</ref>}}
• N Deprecated: After the quoted person's name in |author=, or after the work's title in |title=, when a |source= parameter is not being added: As noted in "Underwater Basketweaving Tips" (2015): {{quote |text=Quoted material. |author=Pat Doe<ref>...</ref>}}
   Note: Please avoid this format, as it will pollute the author or title metadata with non-author or non-title information.

Please do not place the citation in a |author= or |source= parameter by itself, as it will produce a nonsensical attribution line that looks like:
     — 
Please also do not put it just outside the {{Quote}} template, as this will cause a:
     
on a line by itself.

Examples

Markup	{{Quote|text=Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.|character=Mark Antony|author=[[William Shakespeare]]|title=''[[Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]''|source=act III, scene |markup=<syntaxhighlight lang="moin">{{Quote|text=Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.|character=Mark Antony|author=[[William Shakespeare]]|title=''[[Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]''|source=act III, scene I}}
Renders as	Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war. — Mark Antony, in William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, act III, scene I

Limitations

If you do not provide text, the template generates a parser error message, which will appear in red text in the rendered page.

If any parameter's actual value contains an equals sign (=), you must use a named parameter (e.g. |text="E=MC2" is a formula everyone knows but few understand, not a blank-name positional parameter. The text before the equals sign gets misinterpreted as a named parameter otherwise. Be wary of URLs, which frequently contain this character. Named parameters are always safer, in this and other templates.

If any parameter's actual value contains characters used for wiki markup syntax (such as pipe, brackets, single quotation marks, etc.), you may need to escape it. See {{!}} and friends.

Next to right-floated boxes

As of September 2015, the text of a block quotation may rarely overflow (in Firefox or other Gecko browsers) a right-floated item (e.g. a {{Listen}} box, when that item is below another right-floated item of a fixed size that is narrower. In Safari and other Webkit browsers (and even more rarely in Chrome/Chromium) the same condition can cause the block quotation to be pushed downward. Both of these problems can be fixed by either:

1. removing the sizing on the upper item and letting it use its default size (e.g. removing ###x###px sizing or |upright= from a right-floated image above a wider right-floated object that is being overflowed by quotation text; or
2. using |style=overflow:inherit; in the quotation template.

There may be other solutions, and future browser upgrades may eliminate the issue. It arises at all because of the blockquote {overflow: hidden;} CSS declaration in Mediawiki:Common.css, which itself works around other, more common display problems. A solution that fixes all of the issues is unknown at this time.

Vanishing quotes

In rare layout cases, e.g. when quotes are sandwiched between userboxes, a quotation may appear blanked out, in some browsers. The workaround for this problem is to add |style=overflow:inherit; to such an instance of the template.

Line breaks

This template sets a text style which might ignore one blank line, and so the template must be ended with a break (newline) or the next blank line might be ignored. Otherwise, beware inline, as:
     text here Template:Template link with parameters More text here
spans a blank line, unless a Template:Template link with parameters is ended with a line break, then the next blank line might be ignored and two paragraphs joined.

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(This section is transcluded from Template:Blockquote paragraphs)

The <blockquote> element and any templates that use it do not honor newlines:

Markup	Renders as
<blockquote> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </blockquote>	Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4

An easy solution is to use the {{poemquote}} template instead of <tag>. This is effectively the same as using the <poem> tag inside <blockquote>, which converts line breaks to <br /> tags:

Markup	Renders as
<blockquote><poem> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </poem></blockquote>	<poem> Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 </poem>

To markup actual paragraphs within block quotations, entire blank lines can be used between them, which will convert to <p>...</p> tags:

Markup	Renders as
<blockquote> Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 </blockquote>	Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3

This paragraph style also works with {{quote}}, which is a replacement for <tag> that also has parameters to make formatting of the attribution more conveniently and consistently.

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Template documentation[create] [purge]

Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox (create | mirror) and testcases (create) pages.
Add categories to the /doc subpage. Subpages of this template.

</noinclude>

Nested quotations

The <blockquote>...</blockquote> element has styles that change the font size: on desktop, text is smaller; on mobile, it is larger. This change is relative to the enclosing context, meaning that if you quote from a source that itself uses a block quotation, you'll find that the inner quotation is either really tiny and hard to read, or really large and barely fits on the screen. To fix this issue, add the parameter |style=font-size:inherit; on any inner {{Quote}} templates.

When a block quotation begins and ends with interior quotations using quotation marks, the code in the template that performs (usually desirable) detection and pruning of leading/trailing quotation marks will unintentionally mess up the formatting of these interior quotes. In such a case, use the |notrim=y (or |notrim=true, etc.) parameter:

{{Quote |text="The Jewish people are fans of Pope John Paul II", said Greg Packer of Huntington, N.J. "He does not limit his message to one faith; he reaches out to everybody." |notrim=yes}}

Mis-detection of wikimarkup

The template uses {{trim quotes}} to remove quotation marks from around quotations when put into block format (per MOS:BQ). However, if the quoted material happens to both begin and end with italics in Template:Kbd format or boldface in Template:Kbd format, these will be partially mis-detected as regular quotation marks, which will result in unintended output. There are several workarounds for this problem (any one will suffice):

• Insert <nowiki /> at the beginning of the quoted material, before any Template:Kbd or Template:Kbd markup
• Change the Template:Kbd markup to explicit HTML <i>...</i>, and Template:Kbd to <b>...</b>
• Add the parameter |notrim=y (or any other value, e.g. |notrim=yes, |notrim=1).

Use of any of these will have the effect of suppressing quotation-marks trimming entirely. A more robust solution at Template talk:Trim quotes is being sought so that these work-arounds are not necessary.

Errors

Pages where this template is not used correctly populate Category:Pages incorrectly using the quote template. The category tracks tranclusions of Template:Quote that have no text given for quotation or use an equals sign in the argument of an unnamed parameter. It also tracks usage of |class=, |id=, |diff=, |4=, or |5=.

Articles that use unsupported parameters are placed in Category:Pages using quote template with unknown parameters (0).

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. Click here to see a monthly parameter usage report for this template based on this TemplateData.

TemplateData for Blockquote

Adds a block quotation.

Template parameters

Parameter		Description	Type	Status
text	text 1 quote	The text to quote Example Cry "Havoc" and let slip the dogs of war.	Content	required
author	author 2 cite sign	The writer of the source Example William Shakespeare	Content	suggested
title	title 3	The source being quoted from Example Julius Caesar	Content	suggested
source	source 4	A source for the quote Example act III, scene I	Content	suggested
character	character 5	The speaker within the work who is being quoted Example Mark Antony	Content	optional
style	style	Additional CSS styles (not classes) to apply Example font-size:inherit;	Unknown	optional
notrim	notrim	Turns off automatic trimming of quotation marks, to work around a bug that affects bold/italic wikimarkup Example true	Unknown	optional